Pen testing teams scanned all IP addresses on a network to look for weaknesses, checked for unsecured FTP servers, or performed other types of probing activities. These connection points are supposed to all be firewalled or protected by security controls. In the old model of physical servers residing in data centers, pen testers (often called Red Teams) seek to gain access to devices connected to an enterprise network by finding weak external connection points to the outside world or to other services. Because it is programmatic, thorough, and continuous, Breach-and-Attack Simulation solutions are rapidly replacing pen testing in cloud security environments. The broader, more diverse, and constantly morphing attack surface means that any pen-testing campaigns are only checking against a snapshot in time that will likely no longer apply within days, weeks, or months. These characteristics apply not only in IaaS but also often apply in PaaS and SaaS environments, where APIs are exposed to allow these systems to connect with other systems. In contrast, in the cloud, compute is completely abstracted from physical servers at the business logic layer, allowing teams to spin up and down new servers easily, quickly, and anywhere in the world - either inside or outside of a security perimeter. In the cloud world, where many enterprises use services like Amazon Web Services S3 for storage, storage buckets are accessible via the public Internet and must be properly guarded.Īnother example - in the old data center world and in the intermediate step of virtual machines, the physical server remained the primary element teams could not add compute capacity in seconds, anywhere in the world. For example, in the data center world, data storage systems often had no connection to the outside world. Many cloud vulnerabilities are often missed because pen testers are focused on data center techniques and not cloud tactics. Unfortunately, the old world of pen testing doesn’t translate very well to the new world of cloud security.
As the world of computing and applications has shifted into the cloud, pen-testing has followed along behind by running the same exercises against cloud targets. These teams used a combination of technology and guile to probe for weakness and attempt to break into the networks and applications of their clients.
In the recent past, CISOs and enterprise security teams looking to validate their security posture have contracted with penetration (pen) testing teams.
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